Bicarbonate of soda or baking soda is an essential ingredient in the kitchen, where its principal use is to cause dough to rise. There are many other uses for this household staple, such as an antacid to treat acid indigestion or reflux.
Origins
Sodium bicarbonate is a mineral found in mineral springs and in all living organisms. Of special interest is the fact that it's found dissolved in bile and serves to neutralize or balance the acid produced by the stomach.
Chemistry
Nahcolite is the mineral form of sodium bicarbonate. The Solvay process, also known as the ammonia-soda process, is used to transform nahcolite into sodium bicarbonate. However in the United States, trona -- a carbonate mineral -- is now commercially mined and converted to sodium bicarbonate, replacing the Solvay process.
Function
Sodium bicarbonate is considered amphoretic, meaning it reacts with both acids and bases, neutralizing or regulating the pH balance. Substances that are too acidic or too alkaline will regain a normal pH balance when put in contact with sodium bicarbonate. The importance of this reaction can be seen in the variety of uses, including stabilizing swimming pool water and neutralizing the sour smell in your refrigerator.
Significance
The pH balancing effect of sodium bicarbonate is significant because for those who suffer from acid indigestion, heartburn or upset stomach, sodium bicarbonate, or baking soda, can relieve symptoms. Most households have a box of baking soda in the cabinet.
Though baking soda is safe as an antacid, there are precautions for those on a sodium-restricted diet or who are taking prescription drugs. Consultation with a physician first is recommended.
Uses
Because of its neutralizing effect, baking soda has numerous applications, including as a cleaning agent for kitchens and countertops, laundry booster, deodorizer for carpets, pets and drains, and as a fire extinguisher. For a list of uses or for antacid instructions, visit the Arm & Hammer website.
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