Nutritional Value of Omega-3

Omega-3 fatty acids and fish oils long have been recognized as a key component of good health. They help the brain function at optimal levels and play a role in reducing the risk of heart attack and stroke. Omega-3s are found in many types of fish.

Sources of Omega-3s

Also known as polyunsaturated fatty acids, omega-3 acids cannot be manufactured by the body itself. The main source of omega-3s are fish such as salmon, mackerel, halibut and tuna, nut oils and marine life such as krill. Since the number of foods rich in omega-3s is limited, many people consume them in capsules that can be found at most health food stores and supermarkets.

Benefits of Omega-3s

The main benefits of omega-3 Fatty Acids come from alpa-linolenic acids (ALA), which are converted into eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) when they're ingested. EPA and DHA are believed to provide health benefits such as preventing heart disease and stroke and reducing pain and inflammation from arthritis.

Omega-3s and Heart Disease

Consuming a diet rich in omega-3 fatty acids and low in saturated fats can significantly reduce your risk of developing heart disease. Population-based studies of Inuit Eskimos who eat large amounts of fatty fish show they have a lower incidence of heart disease, stroke and heart attacks. It's also believed that fish oils help prevent plaque buildup in arteries, a major contributor to heart attacks and strokes.

Omega-3s and High Cholesterol

People with high cholesterol can benefit from a diet high in omega-3 fatty acids. Omega-3 acids are important in maintaining healthy levels of high density lipoprotein (HDL or "good cholesterol") and reducing the level of triglycerides, fatty materials that circulate in the bloodstream. Fish oil supplements and omega-3s also are believed to lower the level of low density lipoprotein (LDL, also known as "bad cholesterol").

Omega-3s and Arthritis

Fish oils and foods with omega-3s have long been used to help treat rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis, but it's unclear why they help. One theory suggested in a 2006 study by biologist Dr. William Smith is that omega-3s inhibit the development of prostaglandins, naturally occurring hormones that build up in joints and cause pain and inflammation. The theory is that fish oils and the active ingredients in omega-3s bond with the prostaglandins at a molecular level to prevent their growth and make those that do develop less active.