Types of Diet for GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is more than heartburn. It is a chronic condition that leads to potential problems with the stomach and esophagus. For people suffering from frequent heartburn, it is important to discuss symptoms with a physician in order to determine if the problem is GERD. Changes in lifestyle and diet can help.

Explanation of GERD

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is the manifestation of a problem with the sphincter between the esophagus and stomach. In GERD, the sphincter doesn't close completely, which allows stomach acids to flow back into the esophagus, which causes heartburn. If this condition is left untreated, it can progress to a narrowing and scarring of the esophagus, bleeding and/or ulcers.

Recommended Dietary Plan

The patient with GERD can obtain some relief with dietary changes. She doesn't have to restrict herself to a narrow range of foods; she can choose from a wide selection of foods that will help provide all the nutrients she needs without setting off her GERD symptoms. She should ensure that 8 to 10 percent of her daily caloric intake comes from saturated fat; 30 percent of her total caloric intake comes from fat in general; limit her sodium intake to 2,400 milligrams per day; restrict her total daily intake of cholesterol to 300 milligrams a day; and consume only enough calories to maintain a healthy weight. These foods include fat-free or low-fat dairy, whole grains, plenty of fruits and vegetables, fish, poultry, lean meat and/or dry beans; she should reduce the level of added sugars in her food, as well.

Foods to Avoid

The GERD patient can reduce symptoms by avoiding fatty foods and foods that have been fried; chocolate and peppermint; foods with tomato; foods and drinks with caffeine; and alcoholic beverages. Other foods and beverages to eliminate or cut back on include sodas, onions, garlic, vinegar, citrus fruits and juices, some spices and mustard. If he can cut these foods, drinks and spices out of his diet, he will be able to reduce his symptoms as well as potentially reduce the damage to his esophagus.

GERD Triggers

The patient who suffers from GERD symptoms can identify which foods and beverages trigger her symptoms; if she links beer to subsequent GERD symptoms, she knows to avoid drinking beer. Her GERD triggers will be different from another patient's GERD triggers; it is important for her to keep track of those foods and beverages that set off her GERD attacks because if she cuts out a food or drink based on another person's triggers, she could be depriving herself of needed nutrients or, at the very least, depriving herself of something she enjoys.

Other Changes

Other lifestyle changes for the GERD patient will be necessary. If he eats a full meal and then lies down on the couch to watch TV, he will often have reflux into his esophagus. He needs to avoid lying down after eating; remaining upright makes it much harder for stomach acid to back up into the esophagus. He should also reduce the size of his meals and avoid eating right before bedtime; both increase the production of stomach acid.